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Rice is a cereal grain and a staple food for over half of the world's population, particularly in Asia and Africa. It is the seed of the grass species *Oryza sativa* (Asian rice) or less commonly, *Oryza glaberrima* (African rice). Asian rice was domesticated in China around 13,500 to 8,200 years ago, while African rice was domesticated in Africa about 3,000 years ago. Rice comes in various types, each with distinct characteristics and uses.
Culinary
Rice can also be used for cleaning, decorating, and even as a medical remedy.
- United Arab Emirates (UAE): In the UAE, the rice market generates revenue of approximately US$187.30 million in 2024. Basmati rice is popular, and per-person revenues are estimated at US$19.53. The market is expected to grow annually by 4.29%.
- Saudi Arabia: Parboiled rice is the top-selling variety in Saudi Arabia, while white rice is also in demand across Gulf countries.
Long, slender grains that remain separate and fluffy after cooking. Ideal for side dishes or as a base for main courses.
Mild flavor, fluffy texture, and versatility. Commonly accompanies various dishes.
Grown in India and Pakistan, it boasts a floral fragrance and is perfect for pilafs and side dishes.
Originating from Thailand, jasmine rice has a nutty flavor and aromatic scent.
Less processed than white rice, it retains its bran and offers more nutrients.
India, Thailand, and Pakistan: These countries export rice globally. The process involves harvesting, milling, quality checks, and packaging. Each country has specific packing lists and standards.
- H.S. Code: The Harmonized System (H.S.) code for rice varies by type and origin. It's essential for international trade and customs purposes.
Rice is typically packed in bags or containers. A 20-foot container can hold varying quantities, depending on the type and packaging.
India exports both basmati and non-basmati rice. Basmati rice, known for its aromatic fragrance and long grains, is particularly popular.
Major Import destinations include Saudi Arabia, Iran, the United Arab Emirates, Iraq, and Kuwait.
IRRI Rice: Pakistan primarily exports Indica rice (IRRI rice), which is non-aromatic.
Import Destinations: Pakistan exports to countries like China, Malaysia, Afghanistan, Kenya, and Madagascar.
Jasmine Rice: Thailand is renowned for its fragrant jasmine rice, which is highly sought after.
Import Destinations: Key markets for Thai rice include China, Malaysia, Afghanistan, Kenya, and Madagascar.
Rice is typically packed in bags made of materials like polypropylene (PP) woven fabric. Common sizes include:
250G, 500G, 1Kg, 2.5 kg, 5 kg, 10 kg, 15 kg, 20Kg, 38Kg, 40Kg
Considering rice's density, a 20 ft container can hold around 27.6 tons of rice (gross weight) or approximately 91% full by volume.